{"id":2531,"date":"2019-01-18T00:34:09","date_gmt":"2019-01-17T15:34:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/163.180.4.222\/lab\/?p=2531"},"modified":"2019-01-18T00:34:09","modified_gmt":"2019-01-17T15:34:09","slug":"crispr-adapted-to-respond-to-infected-cells","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2531","title":{"rendered":"CRISPR adapted to respond to infected cells"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>\n

\"Model<\/p>\n

By making a small change to the sequence of the Cas9 protein researchers can control the enzyme\u2019s activity. Credit: B. L. Oakes\u00a0et al.<\/i>\/Cell<\/i><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Engineered tweaks to the popular gene-editing system allow it to fight viral infection.<\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

A bacterial enzyme that researchers often use to modify other organisms\u2019 genomes can also be harnessed to tackle invaders.<\/p>\n

The Cas9 enzyme naturally cuts DNA at targeted sites, guided by short \u2018CRISPR\u2019 sequences. David Savage at the University of California, Berkeley, and his colleagues added a trigger that allows proteases \u2014 enzymes that chew up proteins \u2014 to activate Cas9.<\/p>\n

The team used a linker to join the two ends of the Cas9 protein together in such a way that the protein\u2019s activity was locked. The resulting enzyme couldn\u2019t function unless a protease cleaved the linker.<\/p>\n

The researchers inserted the circularized Cas9 into cultured human cells and expressed a protease made by flaviviruses, a genus that includes the Zika and dengue viruses. The protease activated the Cas9 enzyme, which the researchers had programmed to cut a specific repetitive DNA sequence in the genome, causing the cells to die. The approach could be used to create other Cas9 variants, the authors say.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Cell<\/i>\u00a0(2019)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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(\uc6d0\ubb38: \uc5ec\uae30<\/a>\ub97c \ud074\ub9ad\ud558\uc138\uc694~)<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    By making a small change to the sequence of the Cas9 protein researchers can control the enzyme\u2019s activity. Credit: B. L. Oakes\u00a0et al.\/Cell(more…)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[33,29,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-do-biology","category-lets-do-science","category-recent-science-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":4854,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=4854","url_meta":{"origin":2531,"position":0},"title":"Got mutation? \u2018Base editors\u2019 fix genomes one nucleotide at a time","author":"biochemistry","date":"November 19, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 A new class of CRISPR-based tools efficiently corrects point mutations in cell lines, animal models and perhaps the clinic. \u00a0 \u00a0 Credit: Getty \u00a0 \u00a0 When Xingxu Huang began thinking about correcting disease-causing mutations in the human genome, his attention turned naturally to CRISPR\u2013Cas9. But it quickly became\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Let's Do Biology!"","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2672,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2672","url_meta":{"origin":2531,"position":1},"title":"CRISPR-Cas9-Based Genome Editing of Human Cells","author":"biochemistry","date":"February 15, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 CRISPR\/Cas9 systems are engineered versions of the Cas9 protein and guide RNA. \u00a0Typically, they are identical to the\u00a0Streptococcus pyogenes\u00a0type II CRISPR systems, except that a single guide-RNA is used in place of the complementary crRNAs and tracrRNAs of the natural CRISPR system, and the Cas9 protein is codon-optimized\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Let's Do Biology!"","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"Genome Editing Overview2","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.tufts.edu\/crispr\/files\/2014\/11\/Genome-Editing-Overview2-1024x667.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.tufts.edu\/crispr\/files\/2014\/11\/Genome-Editing-Overview2-1024x667.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.tufts.edu\/crispr\/files\/2014\/11\/Genome-Editing-Overview2-1024x667.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.tufts.edu\/crispr\/files\/2014\/11\/Genome-Editing-Overview2-1024x667.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3361,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=3361","url_meta":{"origin":2531,"position":2},"title":"When genome editing goes off-target","author":"biochemistry","date":"April 19, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Editing DNA in eukaryotic cells with CRISPR-based systems has revolutionized the genome engineering field. Cas (CRISPR-associated) endonucleases are directed to a particular location in the genome by a short guide RNA, providing an easily programmable strategy to target any section of DNA. As of now, two CRISPR-based approaches\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Let's Do Biology!"","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1857,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=1857","url_meta":{"origin":2531,"position":3},"title":"CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease \uad00\ub828 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \ub274\uc2a4","author":"biochemistry","date":"September 25, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 CRISPR-Cas9\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc18c\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\uc6d0\ubb38: \uc5ec\uae30\ub97c \ud074\ub9ad\ud558\uc138\uc694~) \u00a0 CRISPR tool puts RNA on the record \u00a0 The bacterial-defence system CRISPR\u2013Cas can store DNA snippets that correspond to encountered viral RNA sequences. One such system has now been harnessed to record gene expression over time in bacteria. \u00a0\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Let's Do Biology!"","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4845,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=4845","url_meta":{"origin":2531,"position":4},"title":"CRISPR tool modifies genes precisely by copying RNA into the genome & CRISPR: the movie","author":"biochemistry","date":"November 15, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 The ultimate goal of genome editing is to be able to make any specific change to the blueprint of life. A \u2018search-and-replace\u2019 method for genome editing takes us a giant leap closer to this ambitious goal. \u00a0 \u00a0 Variation in the DNA sequences that constitute the blueprint of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Let's Do Biology!"","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2580,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2580","url_meta":{"origin":2531,"position":5},"title":"On the road to a gene drive in mammals","author":"biochemistry","date":"January 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 A method for making a version of a gene more likely to be inherited than normal, generating what is called a gene drive, might be used to control insect populations. It has now been reported to work in mammals, too. \u00a0 When Gregor Mendel tracked pea-plant characteristics over\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Let's Do Biology!"","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":false,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9Xo1j-EP","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2531"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2532,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531\/revisions\/2532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}