{"id":2257,"date":"2018-12-04T10:53:21","date_gmt":"2018-12-04T01:53:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/163.180.4.222\/lab\/?p=2257"},"modified":"2018-12-04T10:53:21","modified_gmt":"2018-12-04T01:53:21","slug":"nanoscale-tweezers-for-single-cell-biopsies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2257","title":{"rendered":"Nanoscale tweezers for single-cell biopsies"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section aria-labelledby=\"Abs1\">\n<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"serif article-section js-article-section cleared clear\">\n<h5 id=\"Abs1\" class=\"js-section-title section-title strong position-relative tighten-line-height background-gray-light pt20 pb6 pl0 pr20 standard-space-below small-space-above mq640-pt10 mq640-pb10 mq640-pl20 mq640-mt0 mq640-ml-20 mq640-mr-20 extend-left\">Abstract<\/h5>\n<div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"pl20 mq875-pl0 js-collapsible-section\">\n<p>Much of the functionality of multicellular systems arises from the spatial organization and dynamic behaviours within and between cells. Current single-cell genomic methods only provide a transcriptional \u2018snapshot\u2019 of individual cells. The real-time analysis and perturbation of living cells would generate a step change in single-cell analysis. Here we describe minimally invasive nanotweezers that can be spatially controlled to extract samples from living cells with single-molecule precision. They consist of two closely spaced electrodes with gaps as small as 10\u201320\u2009nm, which can be used for the dielectrophoretic trapping of DNA and proteins. Aside from trapping single molecules, we also extract nucleic acids for gene expression analysis from living cells without affecting their viability. Finally, we report on the trapping and extraction of a single mitochondrion. This work bridges the gap between single-molecule\/organelle manipulation and cell biology and can ultimately enable a better understanding of living cells.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"distractionFree border-top-1 border-bottom-1 border-gray-medium mb20 pt6 pl20 mq875-pl0\">\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section aria-labelledby=\"Sec1\">\n<div id=\"Sec1-section\" class=\"serif article-section js-article-section cleared clear\">\n<div id=\"Sec1-content\" class=\"pl20 mq875-pl0 js-collapsible-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"figure-1\" class=\"border-gray-medium border-all-5 standard-space-below pl10 pr10 pt20 pb20 clear\" data-test=\"figure\" data-container-section=\"figure\">\n<figure><figcaption><b id=\"Fig1\" class=\"block tiny-space-below\" data-test=\"figure-caption-text\">Fig. 1: Schematic and characterization of the DEP nanotweezer.<\/b><\/figcaption><div class=\"small-space-below\">\n<div class=\"inline-block max-width\"><a class=\"block small-space-below\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-018-0315-8\/figures\/1\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-test=\"img-link\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-category=\"article body\" data-track-label=\"image\" data-track-action=\"view figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"max-width\" src=\"https:\/\/media.springernature.com\/m685\/springer-static\/image\/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41565-018-0315-8\/MediaObjects\/41565_2018_315_Fig1_HTML.png\" alt=\"Fig. 1\" data-test=\"satellite-img\" aria-describedby=\"figure-1-desc\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div id=\"figure-1-desc\" class=\"text14 suppress-bottom-margin add-top-margin sans-serif\" data-test=\"bottom-caption\">\n<p><b>a<\/b>, Application of an a.c. voltage on the nanotweezer generates a highly localized electric field gradient that is suitable for targeted molecular trapping in solution or inside a cell.\u00a0<b>b<\/b>, Scanning electron microscopy (left) and transmission electron microscopy (right) micrographs of the DEP nanotweezer before (top row) and after (bottom row) carbon deposition,\u00a0<i>d<\/i>\u00a0being the electrode gap distance. Scale bars, 20\u2009nm (left column); 100\u2009nm (right column).\u00a0<b>c<\/b>, Linear sweep voltammograms recorded for each of the two electrodes (E1 and E2) for a typical nanotweezer using hexaammineruthenium(<span class=\"small-caps\">III<\/span>) chloride (<i>n<\/i>\u2009=\u20095 independent measurements). Inset, the distribution of electrode radii calculated from the limiting currents (<i>n<\/i>\u2009=\u200917 independent measurements).\u00a0<b>d<\/b>, Electric field gradient at the nanotweezer tip along the\u00a0<i>z<\/i>\u00a0axis (<i>x<\/i>\u2009=\u2009<i>y<\/i>\u2009=\u20090,\u00a0<i>f<\/i><sub>A<\/sub>\u2009=\u20091\u2009MHz,\u00a0<i>V<\/i><sub>pp<\/sub>\u2009=\u200920\u2009V) obtained from finite element modelling (top) and a plot of threshold electric field gradient required to trap double-stranded DNA (bottom).\u00a0<b>e<\/b>, Finite element model of the temperature distribution around the nanotweezer tip in different ionic strength solutions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right hide-print\"><a class=\"mb10 pill-button sans-serif inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-018-0315-8\/figures\/1\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-test=\"article-link\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-category=\"article body\" data-track-label=\"button\" data-track-action=\"view figure\" data-track-dest=\"link:Figure1 Full size image\">Full size image<\/a><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section aria-labelledby=\"Sec2\">\n<div id=\"Sec2-section\" class=\"serif article-section js-article-section cleared clear\">\n<h2 id=\"Sec2\" class=\"js-section-title section-title strong position-relative tighten-line-height background-gray-light pt20 pb6 pl0 pr20 standard-space-below small-space-above mq640-pt10 mq640-pb10 mq640-pl20 mq640-mt0 mq640-ml-20 mq640-mr-20 extend-left\"><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p>\uc6d0\ubb38: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-018-0315-8?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=Feed%3A+nnano%2Frss%2Fcurrent+%28Nature+Nanotechnology+-+Issue%29\">\uc5ec\uae30<\/a>\ub97c \ud074\ub9ad\ud558\uc138\uc694~<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Abstract Much of the functionality of multicellular systems arises from the spatial organization and dynamic behaviours within and between cells. Current single-cell genomic<a href=\"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2257\" class=\"more-link\">(more&#8230;)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[33,34,36,29,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-do-biology","category-lets-do-chemistry","category-lets-do-physics","category-lets-do-science","category-recent-science-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3448,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=3448","url_meta":{"origin":2257,"position":0},"title":"Pinpointing a spatial address for RNA profiles in tissues","author":"biochemistry","date":"May 4, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Knowing the gene-expression pattern of individual cells can unlock their identity. A refined method for generating cellular RNA profiles offers a way to obtain such data at a high level of spatial resolution in intact tissues. \u00a0 \u00a0 Monitoring messenger RNA in cells is a way to gather\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Essays on Science&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Essays on Science","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=32"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2993,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2993","url_meta":{"origin":2257,"position":1},"title":"Gene expression at fine scale","author":"biochemistry","date":"March 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Mapping gene expression at the single-cell level within tissues remains a technical challenge. Rodriques\u00a0et al.\u00a0developed a method called Slide-seq, whereby RNA was spatially resolved from tissue sections by transfer onto a surface covered with DNA-barcoded beads. Applying Slide-seq to regions of a mouse brain revealed spatial gene expression\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3001,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=3001","url_meta":{"origin":2257,"position":2},"title":"Neural representations across species","author":"biochemistry","date":"March 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 A plethora of studies in rodents have described spatially tuned neurons, including place cells in the hippocampus and grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), suggesting a crucial role of the hippocampal formation in spatial navigation (1). Human studies have, in turn, shown that the hippocampal formation\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2985,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2985","url_meta":{"origin":2257,"position":3},"title":"How to make an organelle in eukaryotes","author":"biochemistry","date":"March 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 A key step in the evolution of complex organisms like eukaryotes was the organization of specific tasks into organelles. Reinkemeier\u00a0et al.\u00a0designed an artificial, membraneless organelle into mammalian cells to perform orthogonal translation. In response to a specific codon in a selected messenger RNA, ribosomes confined to this organelle\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1316,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=1316","url_meta":{"origin":2257,"position":4},"title":"Technique to measure the expression dynamics of each gene in a single cell","author":"biochemistry","date":"August 9, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 (\uc6d0\ubb38) \u00a0 \u00a0 A method has been developed to infer whether the expression of each gene in a single cell is increasing or decreasing, and at what rate, using RNA-sequencing data. This tool has many potential applications. \u00a0 \u00a0 To understand and control complex systems, we must be\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3734,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=3734","url_meta":{"origin":2257,"position":5},"title":"Cell fate decisions during development","author":"biochemistry","date":"June 8, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 The shape of our nose, the color of our skin, the movement of our gut, all depend on an extraordinary cell type called neural crest cells, which originate during embryogenesis. Since their discovery in 1868 (1), neural crest cells, which are present in all vertebrates, have fascinated developmental\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":false,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9Xo1j-Ap","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2257"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2257\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2259,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2257\/revisions\/2259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}