{"id":1679,"date":"2018-09-11T00:30:39","date_gmt":"2018-09-10T15:30:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/163.180.4.222\/lab\/?p=1679"},"modified":"2023-07-10T16:58:19","modified_gmt":"2023-07-10T07:58:19","slug":"%ec%9c%a0%ec%a0%84%ec%9e%90-%ea%b0%80%ec%9c%84-%ec%84%b8%ea%b8%b0%ec%9d%98-%ed%8a%b9%ed%97%88%e6%88%b0-%ec%a2%85%ec%a7%80%eb%b6%80-%ec%b5%9c%ed%9b%84-%ec%8a%b9%ec%9e%90%eb%8a%94-mit%c2%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=1679","title":{"rendered":"\uc720\uc804\uc790 \uac00\uc704 \uc138\uae30\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8\u6230 \uc885\uc9c0\ubd80\u2026 &#8220;\ucd5c\ud6c4 \uc2b9\uc790\ub294 MIT\u00b7\ud558\ubc84\ub4dc\ub300&#8221; &#038; \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uc218\uc0c1\uc790, 7\ub144 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc11c \ud328\ubc30 &#038;&#038;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(\uc6d0\ubb38: <a href=\"http:\/\/dongascience.donga.com\/news\/view\/23891\">\uc5ec\uae30<\/a>\ub97c \ud074\ub9ad\ud558\uc138\uc694~)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"end_photo_org\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/imgnews.pstatic.net\/image\/584\/2018\/09\/11\/0000001687_001_20180911190359420.jpg?type=w647\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u2018\uc138\uae30\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc804\uc7c1\u2019\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ub358 \ubbf8\uad6d \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc640\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \u2018\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\u2019 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uacb0\uad6d \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \uc2b9\ub9ac\ub85c \ub05d\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c\uc368 3\ub144 \ub118\uac8c \ub04c\uc5b4\uc628 \ub450 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc774 \uacf5\uc2dd \uc885\ub8cc\ub410\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubbf8\uad6d\uc5f0\ubc29\ud56d\uc18c\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 10\uc77c \u201c\uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec(\ubbf8\uc0dd\ubb3c \uc678\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc2dd\ubb3c\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc0dd\ubb3c\uad70)\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uad00\ub828 \ubc1c\uacac\uc740 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\u201d\uba70 \u201c<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ub3c4 \uac80\ud1a0\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc124\ub4dd\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uacb0\ub860 \ub0b4\ub838\ub2e4\u201d\uace0 \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \uc190\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5f0\ubc29\ud56d\uc18c\ubc95\uc6d0 \ub610\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5f0\ubc29\uc21c\ud68c\ud56d\uc18c\ubc95\uc815\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uace0\ub4f1\ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubbf8\uad6d\uc740 \uc5f0\ubc29\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac00\ub294 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \uac70\uc758 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uc774\ubc88 \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub450 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300\uc740 2014\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc744 \ubc8c\uc5ec\uc654\ub2e4. \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \ubbf8\uad6d\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \ud654\ud559\uacfc \uad50\uc218\uc640 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uac19\uc740 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uc788\ub358 \uc5d0\ub9c8\ub258\uc5d8 \uc0e4\ub974\ud321\ud2f0\uc5d0 \ubc15\uc0ac(\ud604 \ub3c5\uc77c \ub9c9\uc2a4\ud50c\ub791\ud06c \uac10\uc5fc\uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc7a5)\ud300\uc740 2012\ub144 \ubbf8\uc0dd\ubb3c\uc758 \uba74\uc5ed \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc778 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\uc640 \uc808\ub2e8 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8 \uce90\uc2a4\ub098\uc778(<span class=\"word_dic en\">cas<\/span>9)\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \ubbf8\uc0dd\ubb3c \uc720\uc804\uc790\ub97c \uc815\ubc00 \uad50\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c-<span class=\"word_dic en\">Cas<\/span>9\ub97c \ucc98\uc74c \uace0\uc548\ud588\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \ubc15\uc0ac\ub294 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc131\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uace0 \ubc14\ub85c \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ucd9c\uc6d0\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\uc758 \ub3c5\uc8fc \ubb34\ub300\uc600\ub358 \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 2014\ub144 \ubcc0\ud588\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">MIT<\/span>\uc640 \ud558\ubc84\ub4dc\ub300\uac00 \uacf5\ub3d9\uc124\ub9bd\ud55c \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \ud391\uc7a5 \uad50\uc218\ud300\uc774 \uc9c4\ud575\uc0dd\ubb3c(\ubbf8\uc0dd\ubb3c\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ub3d9\ubb3c, \uc2dd\ubb3c \ub4f1\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \uc0dd\ubb3c\uad70)\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubcf8\uaca9\uc801\uc778 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c-\uce90\uc2a49 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud574 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ucd9c\uc6d0\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ud391\uc7a5 \uad50\uc218\ud300\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc2e0\uc18d\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \uc55e\uc11c \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ucd9c\uc6d0\ud55c\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \ud300\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uba3c\uc800 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uace0, \uacb0\uad6d 2017\ub144 \uba3c\uc800 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ucde8\ub4dd\ud588\ub2e4(<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \ud300\uc740 \uc62c\ud574 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ucde8\ub4dd\ud588\ub2e4).<\/p>\n<p>2014\ub144 \uc2e0\uc18d\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \ud2b9\ud5c8 \ucd9c\uc6d0 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c0\uc790\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\u00a0\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \ud300\uc740 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uac00 \uce68\ud574 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc774\uc758\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud588\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc 2017\ub144 4\uc6d4 \ubbf8\uad6d \ud2b9\ud5c8\uccad\uc740 &#8220;\ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \ub3c5\uc790\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc790\uaca9\uc744 \uac16\ucdc4\ub2e4&#8221;\uace0 \ud310\uc815\ud588\ub2e4.\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\u00a0\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\ud300\uc740 \uc774\uc5d0 \ubd88\ubcf5\ud574 \ud56d\uc18c\ud588\uace0, 10\uc77c \uacb0\uad6d 1\uc2ec \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774\ubc88 \ud310\uacb0\ub85c\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\u00a0\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\ud300\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc640 \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uac00 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"end_photo_org\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/imgnews.pstatic.net\/image\/584\/2018\/09\/11\/0000001687_002_20180911190359721.jpg?type=w647\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"end_photo_org\"><em class=\"img_desc\">\uc774\ubc88 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2b9\ub9ac\ud55c \ud391 \uc7a5\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">MIT<\/span>\u00a0\uad50\uc218(\uc67c\ucabd)\uc640 \uc0c1\ub300\ucabd\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\u00a0\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \uad50\uc218(\uc624\ub978\ucabd)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ub294 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uc131\uba85\uc744 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud574 \u201c\uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc640\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\ub294 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc640 \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\uac00 \ub2e4\ub974\uba70 \uc11c\ub85c \ucda9\ub3cc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\u201d\uba70 \ud658\uc601\uc758 \ub73b\uc744 \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">UC<\/span>\u00a0\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \ud300\uc740 \ub530\ub85c \uacf5\uac1c\uc801\uc778 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1d\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\ub294 \uc720\uc804\uccb4(\uac8c\ub188)\uc758 \ud2b9\uc815\u00a0<span class=\"word_dic en\">DNA<\/span>\ub97c \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ucc3e\uc544 \uc798\ub77c\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ubc00 \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uad50\uc815 \uae30\uc220\uc774\ub2e4. \ub18d\ucd95\uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud655\ub7c9\uc774 \ub9ce\uac70\ub098 \ubcd1\ucda9\ud574\uc5d0 \uac15\ud55c \uc791\ubb3c \ub610\ub294 \uac00\ucd95\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4 \ub54c, \uc720\uc804\ubcd1\uc744 \uce58\ub8cc\ud560 \ub54c \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ud65c\uc6a9 \uac00\uce58\uac00 \ucee4 \u2018\uc6d0\ucc9c\uae30\uc220\u2019\uc744 \uc88c\uc6b0\ud560 \uc774\ubc88 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc5d0 \uad00\uc2ec\uc774 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uae30\uc220\ub3c4 \uac1c\ubc1c 6\ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uba74\uc11c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc9c4\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae30\uc220\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud654\ud588\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud65c\uc6a9 \ubc29\ubc95\ub3c4 \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218\ub294 \uc9c0\ub09c\ub2ec \uae30\uc790\uc640\uc758 e\uba54\uc77c \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\uc5d0\uc11c \u201c\uce90\uc2a4\ub098\uc778 \ub300\uc2e0 \uce90\uc2a412 a \ub4f1 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \uc778\uac04\uc720\ub450\uc885\ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4(<span class=\"word_dic en\">HPV<\/span>)\ub97c \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uc9c4\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\ub2e4\u201d\uba70 &#8220;\uac10\uc5fc\ubcd1 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\uac00 \ud65c\uc57d\ud560 \uac83&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubc1d\ud788\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud55c\ud3b8 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub300\ud45c\uc801 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uc804\ubb38\uac00 \uae40\uc9c4\uc218 \uae30\ucd08\uacfc\ud559\uc5f0\uad6c\uc6d0(<span class=\"word_dic en\">IBS<\/span>) \ub2e8\uc7a5\uc774 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uad00\ub828 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \uc138\uc6b4 \uae30\uc5c5 \ud234\uc820\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc804\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ubc1f\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc81c\uae30\ub3fc \uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\uac00 \uc870\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac14\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac19\uc740 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\uc640 \ud234\uc820\uc740 &#8220;2012~2013\ub144 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud2b9\ud5c8\uad8c\uc774 \uc774\uc804\ub410\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \ubc18\ubc15 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1d\ud78c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"jKExMunu0e\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/09\/11\/crispr-patent-decision-science\/\">The CRISPR patent decision didn&#8217;t get the science right. That doesn&#8217;t mean it was wrong<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;The CRISPR patent decision didn&#8217;t get the science right. That doesn&#8217;t mean it was wrong&#8221; &#8212; STAT\" src=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/09\/11\/crispr-patent-decision-science\/embed\/#?secret=jQiELEBYiC#?secret=jKExMunu0e\" data-secret=\"jKExMunu0e\" width=\"525\" height=\"296\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>The CRISPR patent decision didn\u2019t get the science right. That doesn\u2019t mean it was wrong<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<header class=\"content-header \">\n<div class=\"content-header-inner\">\n<div class=\"top-featured\">\n<div class=\"media-wrap\">\n<figure class=\"media\"><picture class=\"media-content featured-image-crop\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AdobeStock_184633987-645x645.jpeg\" \/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"media-label\">\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<section class=\"content content-article\">\n<p class=\"big-cap-wrap danger-zone\"><span class=\"big-cap\">T<\/span>he\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/09\/10\/appeals-court-upholds-crispr-patents-awarded-to-broad-institute\/\">CRISPR patent dispute<\/a>\u00a0between the University of California, Berkeley, and the Broad Institute\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/uVWyHBwvV2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is finally over<\/a>. As almost everyone following the case predicted, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed Monday the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/e-foia.uspto.gov\/Foia\/RetrievePdf?system=BPAI&amp;flNm=fd106048-02-15-2017-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. patent office\u2019s decision<\/a>\u00a0that there was \u201cno interference-in-fact\u201d between UC Berkeley\u2019s patent application and more than a dozen Broad patents. In plain English: Broad researcher Feng Zhang\u2019s CRISPR patents were sufficiently inventive over the UC Berkeley\u2019s patent applications with Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier.<\/p>\n<p class=\"danger-zone\">Many scientists disagree with the decision, believing that it fails to comport with how molecular biology is actually practiced. I agree with them. But that doesn\u2019t make the Federal Circuit\u2019s decision wrong. In fact, I think its decision is absolutely correct.<\/p>\n<p class=\"danger-zone\">The reason has to do with standards of review \u2014 the standards courts use to weigh evidence, limit their authority, and make decisions. Like criminal law\u2019s \u201cbeyond a reasonable doubt\u201d standard, standards of review are\u00a0<em>incredibly<\/em>important for many legal cases. They\u2019re how much one side needs to prove something and, failing that, who should win.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">The standard of review in the CRISPR patent dispute was the \u201csubstantial evidence\u201d standard: whether a reasonable trier of fact (one or more people who determine the facts in a legal proceeding) based its opinion on substantial evidence. To be clear, that doesn\u2019t mean the trier of fact got things correct, or even whether there was more evidence for the other side. Rather, the substantial evidence standard means only that a fact-finder based its decision on substantial\u00a0<em>enough<\/em>\u00a0evidence to be reasonable.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"read-more standard\">\n<div class=\"read-more-text\">\n<div class=\"read-more-title\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>And there\u00a0<em>was<\/em>\u00a0substantial enough evidence for the Patent Office to determine that Zhang\u2019s application of Doudna and Charpentier\u2019s CRISPR-Cas9 system, which they developed in bacteria, to more complex eukaryotic cells (cells like human cells that have nuclei) constituted a significant enough advance to be its own invention. The patent office considered the scientific difficulties in getting other nucleic acid gene-editing systems to work in eukaryotes; statements submitted by experts from both sides, such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3437577\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Berkeley\u2019s own expert<\/a>\u00a0saying that there was \u201cno guarantee that Cas9 would work effectively on a chromatin target or that the required DNA-RNA hybrid can be stabilized in that context,\u201d and ultimately statements by Doudna herself that called the gap between bacteria and human cells a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/09\/10\/appeals-court-upholds-crispr-patents-awarded-to-broad-institute\/\">\u201chuge bottleneck.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<p>I, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.michaeleisen.org\/blog\/?p=1981\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many scientists<\/a>\u00a0as well, think that holding these offhanded statements against Doudna is both unfortunate and bad as a matter of policy. But they were evidence, and the patent office was correct to consider them as such. Considered as a whole, those statements, the testimony of experts, and scientific difficulties in getting previous gene-editing systems to work in eukaryotic cells represent at least substantial evidence.<\/p>\n<p>This doesn\u2019t mean I agree with the patent office\u2019s interpretation of the science. In its original decision, the patent office wrote that moving previous gene-editing systems from bacteria to eukaryotic cells suffered from numerous problems: \u201cdifferences in gene expression, protein folding, cellular compartmentalization, chromatin structure, cellular nucleases, intracellular temperature, intracellular ion concentrations, intracellular pH, and the types of molecules in prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>These problems were real and shouldn\u2019t be discounted. But, as I wrote in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2993133\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article for EMBO Reports<\/a>\u00a0last year, they were widely known to scientists at the time who could have solved each with a road map of solutions. \u201c[D]ifferential gene expression can be controlled by selecting appropriate promoters; protein folding can, in some instances, be made uniform by certain optimization techniques; chromatin structure can be altered by histone modification; nucleases can be blocked; temperature can be regulated; pH can be buffered; and so on,\u201d I wrote. As a matter of patent law, however, this experimental road map isn\u2019t enough \u2014 it does not provide, in patent parlance, a \u201creasonable expectation of success.\u201d<\/p>\n<form id=\"mc4wp-form-1\" class=\"mc4wp-form mc4wp-form-145526 mc4wp-ajax stat-form\" method=\"post\" data-id=\"145526\" data-name=\"First Opinion\">\n<div class=\"mc4wp-form-fields\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-inline\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-inline-content\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-full\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<p>This illustrates, I think, a classic disconnect between the legal standards of patent law and the realities of scientific research. There are others, which I have also written about at length: on how science and patent law\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2735181\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">treat reproducibility<\/a>; how they\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2928241\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">treat genetic datasets<\/a>; on what, exactly, is a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2268180\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201claw of nature.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<p>You could say that as a former laboratory scientist turned patent law professor, this is a particular academic interest of mine. But my view of what\u2019s best is not the same as what the law actually is. The CRISPR patent decision may not have gotten the science right. But that doesn\u2019t make it wrong as a legal matter.<\/p>\n<p>If you don\u2019t agree with the Federal Circuit\u2019s decision, you may be in good company. The law can sometimes be wrong as a matter of both policy and practicality. But, at least ideally, the law provides a previously agreed-upon, neutral set of rules to decide disputes. When the law no longer works, it\u2019s ultimately the job of Congress to change the law. And although this ideal is routinely flaunted in practice, it\u2019s still a model to live by.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, it\u2019s something scientists themselves should be familiar with. When the facts stop fitting the model, you change the model, not the facts. You dust yourself off, come up with new hypotheses and new experiments to explain the world, and try again.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Jacob S. Sherkow, J.D., is professor of law at the\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nyls.edu\/innovation-center-for-law-and-technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Innovation Center for Law and Technology<\/em><\/a><em>\u00a0at New York Law School.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uc544\ub798\ub294 2022\ub144 3\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ub274\uc2a4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4~<\/p>\n<p>(\uc6d0\ubb38: <a href=\"https:\/\/n.news.naver.com\/mnews\/article\/028\/0002581828\">\uc5ec\uae30<\/a>\ub97c \ud074\ub9ad\ud558\uc138\uc694~)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"media_end_head go_trans\">\n<div class=\"media_end_head_title\">\n<h2 id=\"title_area\" class=\"media_end_head_headline\">\uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uc218\uc0c1\uc790, 7\ub144 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc11c \ud328\ubc30<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"media_end_head_info nv_notrans \">\n<div class=\"media_end_head_info_datestamp\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"media_end_head_info_variety\">\n<div class=\"media_end_head_info_variety_right\">\n<div class=\"media_end_head_print\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"contents\" class=\"newsct_body\">\n<div id=\"newsct_article\" class=\"newsct_article _article_body\">\n<div id=\"dic_area\" class=\"go_trans _article_content\"><strong class=\"media_end_summary\">2020\ub144 \ub178\ubca8\ud654\ud559\uc0c1 \ubc1b\uc740\u00a0<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098<br \/>\n\ubbf8 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0, \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ucabd\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uad8c \uc778\uc815<br \/>\n\u201c\uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec\uc5d0\uc11c \uba3c\uc800 \uae30\uc220 \uc131\uacf5\ud55c \uac74 \ud391\uc7a5 \ud300\u201d<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"go_trans _article_content\">\n<div class=\"nbd_im_w _LAZY_LOADING_WRAP \">\n<div><\/div>\n<div id=\"img_a1\" class=\"nbd_a _LAZY_LOADING_ERROR_HIDE\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"img1\" class=\"_LAZY_LOADING\" src=\"https:\/\/imgnews.pstatic.net\/image\/028\/2022\/03\/07\/0002581828_001_20220307115901143.jpg?type=w647\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"end_photo_org\"><em class=\"img_desc\">\uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \u2018\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c-\uce74\uc2a49\u2019 \uae30\uc220 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ub193\uace0 \ubd84\uc7c1 \uc911\uc778 2020\ub144 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uc218\uc0c1\uc790 \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098(\uc67c\ucabd)\uc640 \ud391\uc7a5. \uc704\ud0a4\ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \ucf54\uba3c\uc2a4<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"go_trans _article_content\">\uba85\uc608\uc640 \uc2e4\ub9ac \ub450 \ub9c8\ub9ac \ud1a0\ub07c\ub97c \ub2e4 \uc7a1\uae30\ub294 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4. \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uc218\uc0c1\uc790\ub3c4 \uc608\uc678\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \ubaa8\uc591\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c-\uce74\uc2a49(<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">CRISPR-Cas9<\/span>)\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud55c \uacf5\ub85c\ub85c 2020\ub144 \ub178\ubca8\ud654\ud559\uc0c1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218\uac00 \uc815\uc791 \uadf8 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uace0 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud558\uace0 \ub9d0\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubbf8\uad6d \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc0c1\ud45c\uad6d(<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">USPTO<\/span>) \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0(<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">PTAB<\/span>)\uc740 7\ub144\uac04 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc18c\uc1a1 \ud56d\uc18c\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\ub09c\ub2ec 28\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\uac00 \uc18d\ud55c \ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\ub300(<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac) \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc\u00a0<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">MIT-<\/span>\ud558\ubc84\ub4dc\ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \ud391\uc7a5 \uad50\uc218\ud300 \uc190\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc92c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ucabd\uc758 \uc9c0\uc801\uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uacfc\ud559\uc800\ub110 \u2018\uc0ac\uc774\uc5b8\uc2a4\u2019\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0\uc740 \ud310\uacb0\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uac04\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc720\uc804\uc790\ud3b8\uc9d1 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a8 \ucabd\uc740 \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c \ud300\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \uc758\uc57d\ud488\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc740 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ucabd\uacfc \uae30\uc220\uc0ac\uc6a9\ub8cc\ub97c \ud611\uc0c1\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac78 \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud391\uc7a5 \uad50\uc218\ud300\uc740 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uc218\uc0c1\uc758 \uc601\uc608\ub97c \ud568\uaed8\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \ub300\uc2e0 \uac70\uc561\uc758 \ub85c\uc5f4\ud2f0\ub97c \ucc59\uae38 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ub97c \uc190\uc5d0 \ub123\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74 \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218\uac00 \uacf5\ub3d9\ucc3d\uc5c5\uc790\ub85c \ucc38\uc5ec\ud55c \uc0dd\uba85\uacf5\ud559\uae30\uc5c5 \uc778\ud154\ub9ac\uc544 \uc138\ub77c\ud4e8\ud2f1\uc2a4\ub294 \ud070 \uc190\uc2e4\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\ud558\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ub098\uc624\ub358 \ub0a0, \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uc8fc\uc0ac\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uce58\ub8cc\uc81c\ub85c \uc2e0\uacbd\uc7a5\uc560 \uce58\ub8cc\uc5d0\uc11c \ud070 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \uac70\ub480\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud55c \uc778\ud154\ub9ac\uc544\ub294 \ud328\uc18c \uc18c\uc2dd\uc774 \uc804\ud574\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \uc8fc\uac00\uac00 \uae09\ub77d\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"nbd_im_w _LAZY_LOADING_WRAP \">\n<div id=\"img_a2\" class=\"nbd_a _LAZY_LOADING_ERROR_HIDE\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"img2\" class=\"_LAZY_LOADING\" src=\"https:\/\/imgnews.pstatic.net\/image\/028\/2022\/03\/07\/0002581828_002_20220307115901181.jpg?type=w647\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\uae30\uc220 \uba3c\uc800 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc138\ud3ec \uc2dc\uc5f0\uc740 \ubabb\ud574<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\ubd84\uc7c1\uc758 \uc528\uc557\uc740 10\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 \ubfcc\ub824\uc84c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218\ub294 \ub178\ubca8\uc0c1 \uacf5\ub3d9\uc218\uc0c1\uc790\uc778 \uc5e0\ub9c8\ub258\uc5d8 \uc0e4\ub974\ud321\ud2f0\uc5d0(\ub3c5\uc77c \ub9c9\uc2a4\ud50c\ub791\ud06c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c)\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 2012\ub144 6\uc6d428\uc77c \u2018\uc0ac\uc774\uc5b8\uc2a4\u2019\uc5d0 \u2018\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c-\uce74\uc2a49\u2019\uc774\ub780 \uc774\ub984\uc758 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\ub2e4. \ubc15\ud14c\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4 \uba74\uc5ed \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud78c\ud2b8\ub97c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704\ub97c\u00a0<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">DNA<\/span>\uc758 \ud45c\uc801 \ubd80\uc704\ub85c \ub370\ub824\ub2e4 \uc8fc\ub294 \uac00\uc774\ub4dc<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">RNA<\/span>(\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c)\uc640 \ud45c\uc801\uc744 \uc798\ub77c\ub0b4\ub294 \ud6a8\uc18c \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8(\uce74\uc2a49)\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub3fc \uc788\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \uc720\uc804\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\uc704\ub9cc \uace8\ub77c \uc808\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ud300\uc740 \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc138\ud3ec \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc5f0\ud574 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub294 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4. \uc138\ud3ec \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \ucc98\uc74c \uc2dc\uc5f0\ud574 \ubcf4\uc778 \uac83\uc740 \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \ud3c9\uc7a5 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud300\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 2013\ub144 1\uc6d43\uc77c \u2018\uc0ac\uc774\uc5b8\uc2a4\u2019\uc5d0 \uc778\uac04\uacfc \uc0dd\uc950 \uc138\ud3ec\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub2c8\ud300\uc740 2012\ub144 5\uc6d4, \ud391\uc7a5\ud300\uc740 2012\ub144 12\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ucd9c\uc6d0\ud588\ub2e4. \uac01\uac01 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758 \ub17c\ubb38\uc774 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub418\uae30 \ud55c \ub2ec \uc804\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \uba3c\uc800 \ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc740 2014\ub144 4\uc6d4 \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ud300\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2e0\uc18d\uc2ec\uc0ac \uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \uc801\uadf9 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ub355\ubd84\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ud6c4 \uc774\ub4ec\ud574 \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ud300\uc774 \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc5d0 \uc774\uc758\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uae30\ub098\uae34 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc2f8\uc6c0\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub410\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0\uc740 7\ub144\uac04\uc758 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc744 \ub05d\ub0b4\ub294 84\ucabd\uc9dc\ub9ac \ud310\uacb0\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub958\uc640 \ud3ec\uc720\ub958 \uc138\ud3ec\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud55c \ub450 \uadf8\ub8f9\uc758 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc744 \uac80\ud1a0\ud55c \ub05d\uc5d0, \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ud300\uc774 2012\ub144 10\uc6d45\uc77c \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc138\ud3ec\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\uacf5\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uacb0\ub860\uc744 \ub0b4\ub838\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ucabd\uc740 \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uac00 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud574 \uc131\uacf5\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0\uc740 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"nbd_im_w _LAZY_LOADING_WRAP \">\n<div id=\"img_a3\" class=\"nbd_a _LAZY_LOADING_ERROR_HIDE\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"img3\" class=\"_LAZY_LOADING\" src=\"https:\/\/imgnews.pstatic.net\/image\/028\/2022\/03\/07\/0002581828_003_20220307115901226.jpg?type=w647\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"end_photo_org\"><em class=\"img_desc\">\ubbf8\uad6d \ubc84\uc9c0\ub2c8\uc544\uc8fc \uc54c\ub809\uc0b0\ub4dc\ub9ac\uc544\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc0c1\ud45c\uad6d \ubcf8\ubd80 \uac74\ubb3c. \uc704\ud0a4\ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \ucf54\uba3c\uc2a4<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u201c\uc0c1\uc5b4\ub07c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ud611\ub825\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\u201d<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0 \ud310\ub2e8\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc740\u00a0<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">UC<\/span>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\uc758 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc6d0\ud575\uc138\ud3ec, \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uc774 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uc778\uac04\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac\uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\ub300\ub294 \ud310\uacb0 \uc9c1\ud6c4 \uc131\uba85\uc5d0\uc11c \u201c\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ub9dd\ud588\uc73c\uba70 \ud06c\uac8c \uc2e4\uc218\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud55c\ub2e4\u201d\uba70 \uc774\ubc88 \ud310\uacb0\uc5d0 \uc774\uc758\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubc29\uc548\uc744 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4. \uc131\uba85\uc740 \ub610 \u201c\ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ud300\uc740 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0 40\uac1c \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ubcf4\uc720\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 30\uac1c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\ucc9c\uae30\uc220 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ud655\ubcf4\ud588\ub2e4\u201d\uace0 \ub367\ubd99\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ub294 \u201c\ud2b9\ud5c8\uc2ec\ud310\uc6d0\uacfc \uc5f0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uac70\ub4ed \ud655\uc778\ud55c \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc, \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc758 \uc9c4\ud575\uc138\ud3ec\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc5c4\uc5f0\ud788 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc774\uba70 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uad00 \uc2e4\ud5d8 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\ub294 \uc5bb\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uac83\u201d\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4. \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ub294 \ub610 \ube44\uc6a9\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \ub4dc\ub294 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ubd84\uc7c1\uc744 \ub05d\ub0b4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ucabd\uacfc \uacf5\ub3d9\ub77c\uc774\uc120\uc2a4 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ucd94\uc9c4\ud574\uc654\ub2e4\uace0 \ub367\ubd99\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc77c\ub9ac\ub178\uc774\ub300 \uc81c\uc774\ucf65 \uc154\ucf54(<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">Jacob<\/span>\u00a0<span data-type=\"ore\" data-lang=\"en\">Sherkow<\/span>) \uad50\uc218(\ubc95\ud559)\ub294 \u2018\uc0ac\uc774\uc5b8\uc2a4\u2019\uc5d0 \u201c\ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098\ud300\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc88b\uc740 \uc784\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud5d8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud2b9\ud5c8\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\ud300\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc88b\uc740 \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc784\uc0c1 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ub9ce\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\u201d\uba70 \ub450 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uac00 \uc11c\ub85c \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ub9cc\ud07c \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud558\uac8c \ud569\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c0\ud61c\ub97c \ubc1c\ud718\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8\ub3c4 \u201c\uc0c1\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \ud611\ub825\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac74 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\u201d\uace0 \ub367\ubd99\uc600\ub2e4.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; (\uc6d0\ubb38: \uc5ec\uae30\ub97c \ud074\ub9ad\ud558\uc138\uc694~) &nbsp; &nbsp; \u2018\uc138\uae30\uc758 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \uc804\uc7c1\u2019\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ub9ac\ub358 \ubbf8\uad6d \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc640\u00a0UC\ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \u2018\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\u2019 \ud2b9\ud5c8 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uacb0\uad6d \ube0c\ub85c\ub4dc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\uc758 \uc2b9\ub9ac\ub85c \ub05d\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c\uc368 3\ub144 \ub118\uac8c<a href=\"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=1679\" class=\"more-link\">(more&#8230;)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[32,33,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-essays-on-science","category-do-biology","category-lets-do-science"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2747,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=2747","url_meta":{"origin":1679,"position":0},"title":"\uba38\ud06c, \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \uae30\uc220 \u7f8e \ud2b9\ud5c8 \ud68d\ub4dd","author":"biochemistry","date":"February 26, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 \ub3c5\uc77c \uba38\ud06c\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d \ud2b9\ud5c8\uc0c1\ud45c\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc774 \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \uc2e0\uccad\ud55c \ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c(CRISPR) \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud2b9\ud5c8\ub97c \ud68d\ub4dd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 25\uc77c \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4. \uba38\ud06c\uc758 \ud504\ub85d\uc2dc \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\ub294 \uc720\uc804\uc790(DNA) \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc720\uc804\uc790\ub97c \uc808\uac1c\ud558\ub294 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704 \uae30\uc220 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub2e4. \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc720\uc804\uc790\ub97c \ub9c8\uc74c\ub300\ub85c \uc798\ub77c\ub0b4\uace0 \uad50\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud6a8\uc18c \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\ub85c, \uc720\uc804\uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uce58\ub8cc\ud558\uace0 \uc2dd\ub7c9\ub09c\uc744 \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\uc220\ub85c \uac01\uad11\ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud68c\uc0ac \uce21\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1471,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=1471","url_meta":{"origin":1679,"position":1},"title":"\ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 &#8211; \u201c\ub0b4\uac8c \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704\ub294 \uacbd\uc774\ub86d\uace0\ub3c4 \ub450\ub824\uc6b4 \ubbf8\ub798\u201d","author":"biochemistry","date":"August 28, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 (\uc6d0\ubb38) \u00a0 \u00a0 [\uc778\ud130\ubdf0]\u00a0\u2018\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uac1c\ubc1c \uc8fc\uc5ed\u2019 \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218 \u201c\uc778\ub958\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0 \uc8fc\ub294 \uae30\uc220\ubc1c\uc804 \uae30\ub300 \uacfc\ud559\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c \uc5f4\ub9b0 \ub300\ud654 \uc18c\ud1b5 \uc911\uc694\u201d \u00a0 \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \uad50\uc218. \ubbf8\uad6d \ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\ub300\ud559 \uc81c\uacf5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uacfc \uc758\ud559\uc758 \ud48d\uacbd\uc744 \ubc14\uafd4\ub193\uace0 \ubbf8\ub798 \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uce58\ub8cc\uc220\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ubc1b\ub294 \u2018\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704\u2019 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uac1c\ubc1c \uc8fc\uc5ed\uc778 \uc81c\ub2c8\ud37c \ub2e4\uc6b0\ub4dc\ub098 \ubbf8\uad6d \ubc84\ud074\ub9ac \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544\ub300\ud559 \uad50\uc218(\uc0ac\uc9c4)\ub294\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Essays on Science&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Essays on Science","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=32"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4519,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=4519","url_meta":{"origin":1679,"position":2},"title":"Super-precise new CRISPR tool could tackle a plethora of genetic diseases &#038; 4\uc138\ub300 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uae30\uc220 `\ud504\ub77c\uc784 \uc5d0\ub514\ud130`\u2026\uc720\uc804\ubcd1 90% \uce58\ub8cc \uae38 \uc5f4\uc5b4 &#038;&#038;","author":"biochemistry","date":"October 23, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 The system allows researchers more control over DNA changes, potentially opening up conditions that have challenged gene-editors. \u00a0 A new gene-editing tool called prime editing allows for greater precision and control over DNA edits compared to the popular CRISPR-Cas9 system (pictured).Credit: Juan Gaertner\/SPL \u00a0 \u00a0 For all the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3756,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=3756","url_meta":{"origin":1679,"position":3},"title":"DNA \uad50\uc815\uc758 \uc774\uba74","author":"biochemistry","date":"June 11, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u24d2\uac8c\ud2f0\uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ubc45\ud06c \u00a0 \u00a0 \uc9c0\ub09c\ud574 \ud55c \uc911\uad6d \uacfc\ud559\uc790\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc138\uacc4\uac00 \ucda9\uaca9\uc5d0 \ube60\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d \uc120\uc804 \ub0a8\ubc29\uacfc\uae30\ub300\uc758 \ud5c8\uc820\ucfe0\uc774 \ubc15\uc0ac\uac00 \uc720\ud29c\ube0c \uc601\uc0c1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5d0\uc774\uc988(AIDS:\ud6c4\ucc9c\uc131\uba74\uc5ed\uacb0\ud54d\uc99d) \uba74\uc5ed\ub825\uc744 \uac16\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\uc804\uc790\ub97c \uad50\uc815\ud55c \uc30d\ub465\uc774 \uc544\uae30\uac00 \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \ubc1d\ud788\uba74\uc11c \uc724\ub9ac \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \uc138\uacc4\ub85c \ubc88\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uad50\uc815\uc744 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c \uccab \uc0ac\ub840\uc600\ub2e4. \uae08\ub2e8\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc804\ud55c \uacfc\ud559\uc790\uc758 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ub193\uace0 \uc6b0\ub824\uac00 \uc3df\uc544\uc84c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Essays on Science&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Essays on Science","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=32"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3972,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=3972","url_meta":{"origin":1679,"position":4},"title":"&#8216;\uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704&#8217; \ubab8\uc18d\uc5d0 \ub123\uc5b4 \ub09c\uce58\ubcd1 \uce58\ub8cc \uccab \ubc1c &#038; \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704\ub85c \uc120\ucc9c\uc131 \ub9dd\ub9c9\uc9c8\ud658 \uce58\ub8cc \uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \uc785\uc99d &#038;&#038;","author":"biochemistry","date":"August 1, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u7f8eFDA,\u00a0\ubc14\uc774\uc624 \uae30\uc5c5 \uc784\uc0c1\uc2b9\uc778 3\uc138\ub300 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uc0c1\uc6a9\ud654 \uae38 \uc5f4\ub824 \uc120\ucc9c\uc131 \uc2e4\uba85 \ud658\uc790 18\uba85 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \u00a0 3\uc138\ub300 \uc720\uc804\uc790\uac00\uc704\uc778 \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c\ub97c \ubab8\uc18d\uc5d0 \ub123\uc5b4 \uc120\ucc9c\uc131 \uc548\uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uace0\uce58\ub294 \uce58\ub8cc\uc81c \uac1c\ubc1c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc5f4\ub838\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d \ubc14\uc774\uc624\uae30\uc5c5 \uc5d0\ub514\ud0c0\uc2a4\uba54\ub514\uc2a8\uacfc \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc \uc81c\uc57d\uc0ac \uc568\ub7ec\uac04\uc774 \ubbf8 \uc2dd\ud488\uc758\uc57d\uad6d(FDA)\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc0ac\ub78c \ub300\uc0c1 \uc784\uc0c1\uc2b9\uc778\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\uba74\uc11c\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud5c8\uac00\ubc1b\uc740 \uc720\uc804\uc790\ud3b8\uc9d1 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ubab8\ubc16\uc73c\ub85c \uc138\ud3ec\ub97c \uaebc\ub0b4 \uc720\uc804\uc790\ub97c \ud3b8\uc9d1\ud55c \ub4a4\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Let's Do Biology!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Let's Do Biology!","link":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?cat=33"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1589,"url":"https:\/\/biochemistry.khu.ac.kr\/lab\/?p=1589","url_meta":{"origin":1679,"position":5},"title":"\ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud37c \uac00\uc704\ub85c \uc720\uc804\uc790 \uc870\uc791\ud55c \uc0dd\ubb3c, GMO\ub85c \uaddc\uc81c\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub098","author":"biochemistry","date":"September 9, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 (\uc6d0\ubb38) \u00a0 \u00a0 \uc9c0\ub09c 8\uc6d4 21\uc77c \ud55c\uad6d\uc0dd\uba85\uacf5\ud559\uc5f0\uad6c\uc6d0(\uc774\ud558 \uc0dd\uba85\uc5f0) \ubc14\uc774\uc624\uc548\uc804\uc131\uc815\ubcf4\uc13c\ud130\ub294 \u20182017 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